Corbin Hedt, Bradley S Lambert, Matthew L Holland, Joshua Daum, Jeremiah Randall, David M Lintner, Patrick C McCullochJournal of Sport Rehabilitation 2020 December 17, : 1-7

CONTEXT: Shoulder rehabilitation can be a difficult task due to the dynamic nature of the joint complex. Various weight training implements, including kettlebells (KB), have been utilized for therapeutic exercise in the rehabilitation setting to improve shoulder girdle strength and motor control. The KBs are unique in that they provide an unstable load and have been purported to promote greater muscle activation versus standard dumbbells. Recent literature has examined the efficacy of KB exercises for global strengthening and aerobic capacity; however, electromyographic data for shoulder-specific activities are lacking.

OBJECTIVE: To examine muscle activation patterns about the rotator cuff and scapular musculature during 5 commonly-utilized KB exercises.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a single group.

SETTING: Clinical biomechanics laboratory.

PARTICIPANTS: Ten participants performed all exercises in a randomized order.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean electromyographic values for each subject were compared between exercises for each target muscle.

RESULTS: Significant differences (P < .05) between exercises were observed for all target muscles except for the infraspinatus.

CONCLUSIONS: The data in this study indicates that certain KB exercises may elicit activation of the shoulder girdle at different capacities. Physical therapy practitioners, athletic trainers, and other clinical professionals who intend to optimize localized strengthening responses may elect to prescribe certain exercises over others due to the inherent difference in muscular utilization. Ultimately, this data may serve to guide or prioritize exercise selection to achieve higher levels of efficacy for shoulder strength and stability gains.

Herbal formulation "turmeric extract, black pepper, and ginger" versus Naproxen for chronic knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial

• Motahar Heidari-Beni, Amir R Moravejolahkami, Pegah Gorgian, Gholamreza Askari, Mohammad J Tarrahi, Nimah Bahreini-EsfahaniPhytotherapy Research: PTR 2020, 34 (8): 2067-2073 Osteoarthritis is the most common articular disease that can lead to chronic pain and severe disability. Curcumin-an effective ingredient in turmeric with anti inflammatory property-plays an important role in protecting the joints against destructive factors. Gingerols and piperine, are the effective ingredients of ginger and black pepper, which may potentially enhance and sustain the effect of curcumin in this direction. To determine the effect of cosupplementation with turmeric extract, black pepper, and ginger on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis, compared with Naproxen. Sixty patients with two different levels of knee osteoarthritis (Grade 2 and 3) were studied. Individuals were randomly assigned to receive daily turmeric extract, ginger, and black pepper together or Naproxen capsule for 4 weeks. PGE2 was evaluated by ELISA method. 24-hr recall was also assessed. All of participants completed the study. PGE2 decreased significantly in both groups (p < .001), but there was no significant differences between groups. The results of this study indicated that intake of the selected herbs twice a day for 4 weeks may improve the PGE2 levels in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis similar to Naproxen drug.